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'{{featured language}} {{Distinguish/Confusion|Deadfih}} '''Deadfish''' is a very odd interpreted programming language created by Jonathan Todd Skinner. It was released under public domain and was originally programmed in C, but has since been ported to many other programming languages (see below). Deadfish has a way to output things but it has no way to input them! It only has a few commands, only four in total. It is also case-sensitive, and can deal only with integer values when adding or subtracting, however once squared this number increases greatly! You can have several commands per line, at least in the C implementation. Errors are not acknowledged: the shell simply adds a newline character! Anything that is not a command is not accepted by the interpreter. As you've probably assumed deadfish was created in less than a hour, and can be very useful in creating highly interactive programs. == Commands == {| class="wikitable" ! ! Increment !! Decrement !! Square !! Output !! Halt (optional) |- align="center" ! Standard Deadfish | <code>i</code> || <code>d</code> || <code>s</code> || <code>o</code> || <code>h</code> |- align="center" ! XKCD variation | <code>x</code> || <code>d</code> || <code>k</code> || <code>c</code> |- align="center" ! [https://vyxal.pythonanywhere.com/#WyJEIiwiIiwiXFxmL+G4onZMYOKAuiDigLnCsuKApmAkxLBgOsKx4oC6OltfOuKCiD3DnzBdYGowJMSWIiwiIiwiIl0= f() variation] | <code>f</code> || <code>f()</code> || <code>f ()</code> || <code>f(())</code> |- align="center" ! [[F!--]] variation | <code>F!</code> || <code>U!</code> || <code>C!</code> || <code>K!</code> |- align="center" ! [[嘭！哐！叮！呲！咣！]] variation | <code>嘭！</code> || <code>哐！</code> || <code>叮！</code> || <code>呲！</code> |- align="center" ! [[Sakana]] variation | <code>増</code> || <code>減</code> || <code>乗</code> || <code>出</code> || <code>停</code> |- align="center" ! [[ΙΧΘΥΣ]] variation | <code>ι</code> || <code>χ</code> || <code>θ</code> || <code>υ</code> |- align="center" ! [[Pește mort]] variation | <code>c</code> || <code>s</code> || <code>p</code> || <code>i</code> || <code>o</code> |- align="center" ! Numbered DeadFish | {{cd|1}} || {{cd|2}} || {{cd|3}} || {{cd|4}} || {{cd|5}} |- align="center" ! [[GrammarlyOS]] | {{cd|Hit}} || {{cd|Paw}} || {{cd|Vik}} || {{cd|Pea}} || {{cd|error}} |} Sometimes, the additional command 'h', meaning halt, is used. Although the comment in the C implementation states <code>/* Make sure x is not greater then [sic] 256 */</code>, the implementation sets the value to zero if and only if <code>value == -1 || value == 256</code>. == Why "deadfish"? == Deadfish started out as a subset of [[HQ9 Plus|HQ9+]], as all it would do would be to print out [[hello world]] and give an iou depending on how many times the command 9 was entered for how many [[99 bottles of beer]] programs it owed the programmer. Deadfish was originally going to be called fishheads as programming in this language is like eating raw fish heads. However, due to the limiting features of the language, programming in this language became like eating (and having to smell) dead, rotting fish heads, an experience not often generally considered pleasurable. == Example programs == Note: the standard shell adds >> characters for readability. >> i >> >> o 1 >> d This program prints the ASCII values (as ''numbers'', not characters, since Deadfish does not have character output) of the characters in the string "Hello, world!" iiisdsiiiiiiiioiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiioiiiiiiiooiiio dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddoddddddddddddo dddddddddddddddddddddsddoddddddddoiiioddddddoddddddddo dddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddo <b>[[XKCD Random Number]]</b>: iiso === Mandatory test cases === Since the proper behavior of Deadfish arithmetic can be <small>*cough*</small> surprising, here are a few important test cases for people making interpreters: The program iissso should print 0; the program diissisdo should print 288; and the program iissisdddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddddo should print 0. Interpreters that do not support these test cases and cannot trivially be fixed '''may be removed from the implementations subpages'''. In particular, it is required to support numbers at least up to <code>17^2 == 289</code> to showcase the strange behavior also of the <code>s</code> command. == Complexity class == We consider the complexity of computing the output of a Deadfish program with ''n'' commands. A Deadfish interpreter must store one intermediate number. The most extreme operation is squaring; for a number with ''k'' digits, squaring can produce 2''k'' digits. Concretely, the sequence of programs: P(0) = iissis o P(1) = iissis s o P(2) = iissis ss o ... P(k) = iissis s×''k'' o Outputs 17, 289, 83521, …, pow(17, ''k'') for P(''k''), requiring O(''k'') digits to represent. This puts Deadfish squarely in the complexity class PSPACE but not in LOGSPACE. Deadfish is regular and can be recognized in LOGSPACE. Moreover, Deadfish can be computed relative to any modulus in LOGSPACE. == Implementations == Deadfish has been implemented in a very wide range of languages – it is something of a [[popular problem]] for demonstrating the capabilities of a new language, or simply as a fun exercise to implement. Due to its length, the list of implementations has been split out into subpages: * [[Deadfish/Implementations (nonalphabetic and A-L)]] * [[Deadfish/Implementations (M-Z)]] == Variants of deadfish == * [[Deadfish i]] object oriented * [[Deadfish~]] superset * [[FISHQ9+]] — deadfish merged with [[HQ9+]] * [[Deadfish x]] — xkcd variant with extra commands * [[Print "deadfish"]] includes termination, and character printing. * [[Deadfish 2]] is another superset. * [[Functional deadfish]] adds "functions" * [[ΙΧΘΥΣ]] ancient Greek themed, with Unicode output, statement definitions, and [[Turing-complete]] via Deadfish-overflow side-effects. * [[Livefish]] Input only variant * [[CARfish]] tries to make programming in Deadfish even more horrible. * [[Deadfish "self-interpreter"]] is a Deadfish superset that is capable of implementing Deadfish without explicit Deadfish-implementing commands. * [[BrainfisHQ9+]] merges deadfish with Brainfuck and HQ9+ * [[2Deadfish]] makes each command in Deadfish change the direction of the pointer by some multiple of 90 degrees. * [[Catshark]], which also has 4 instructions, but are modified to support 2 accumulators. * [[Deadsocket]] has the <code>s</code> instruction modified to open a socket. * [[Deadfish++]] with more commands and custom functions. Turing-complete. * [[Feedfish]] is a [[Deadfish]] derivative that simulates feeding a fish. * [[dead_fish|><x>]] is a crossbreed between deadfish and [[fish|><>]]. * [[dead fish +- +.|><x±∔>]] is a crossbreed between 4 esolangs, including deadfish. It is also a superset of [[dead_fish|><x>]]. * [[Deadshark]] exists. * [[Deadfish with gotos and input]] is Deadfish with gotos and input. * [[Deadman]] is uhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh * [[No mans fish]] is Deadfish with 4 new operators == See also == * [[Deadfish/Constants]] - Shortest ways to produce numbers in the range 0 to 255. == External resources == * {{wayback|20110208024639|http://jonathantoddskinner.com/|Creator's Webpage}} (Note: The creator's webpage was added for more information about the creator of the language.) * [http://www.planetsourcecode.com/vb/scripts/ShowCode.asp?txtCodeId=11751&lngWId=3 Deadfish at Planet Source Code] * {{wayback|20100821130345|http://asienet.site40.net/dead64.html|This is an implementation of Deadfish for the Commodore 64}} * [http://golf.shinh.org/p.rb?Deadfish Anarchy golf Deadfish challenge] * [http://zzo38computer.org/nes_program/deadfish.zip Implementation of Deadfish in Nintendo Family Computer] * [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VAHgwvvWSmM Implementation on the Makey-Makey] * [http://apps.getpebble.com/en_US/application/563eaf4c5fafdbf3df000014 Deadfish implementation for Pebble watches] [[Category:Languages]] [[Category:Finite state automata]] [[Category:Joke languages]] [[Category:2006]] [[Category:Unusable for programming]] [[Category:Output only]] [[Category:Implemented]] [[Category:Program forms]] [[Category:Total]] [[Category:Accumulator-based]]'