Jug

Jug is an esoteric programming language created by User:Marz. Inspired by Liquid and the Die Hard Water Puzzle, Jug involves pouring water between different jugs in order to accomplish integer arithmetic.

Language overview

Jug has 8 functions, which are called like so:

function(a,b);

Each function returns a value, meaning a function can be called with another function as a parameter.

Strings can be concatenated with ampersands, and can include numbers, like so:

99&" bottles of beer on the wall."

Strings cannot be stored in jugs, as they are not liquid.

Commands

Function	Description
jug(x,y);	Creates Jug x (int), of size y (int). Returns x.
fill(x);	Fills Jug x (int). Returns x.
empty(x);	Empties Jug x (int). Returns x.
pour(x,y);	Pours water from Jug x (int) into Jug y (int), stopping before Jug y overflows. Returns the volume of water poured (int).
echo(x);	Prints x (string). Returns x.
volume(x);	Returns the volume of water in Jug x (int).
Flow control
if_empty(x){};	If Jug x is empty, {...}. Returns x.
else{};	Follows if_empty(x) statement. If Jug x is not empty, {...}. Returns x.
drain(x){};	Loops until Jug x (int) is empty. Returns x.

Arithmetic

Addition

4+3

jug(0,4);
jug(1,3);
jug(2,100);
fill(0);
fill(1);
pour(0,2);
pour(1,2);
echo(volume(2));

Subtraction

7-2

jug(0,7);
jug(1,2);
fill(0);
pour(0,1);
echo(volume(0));

Multiplication

4*6

jug(0,4);
jug(1,6);
jug(2,1);
jug(3,100);
fill(0);
drain(0){
  fill(1);
  pour(1,3);
  pour(0,2);
  empty(2);
}
echo(volume(3));

Examples

Hello, World!

echo("Hello, world!");

Fibonacci sequence

jug(0,20);
jug(1,1);
jug(2,5000);
jug(3,5000);
jug(4,5000);
fill(1);
pour(1,3);
empty(1);
echo("0\n1\n");
drain(fill(0)){
	pour(2,empty(4));
	pour(3,4);
	echo(volume(4)&"\n");
	pour(3,empty(2));
	pour(4,empty(3));
	pour(0,1);
	empty(1);
}

99 bottles of beer

jug(0,99);
jug(1,1);
drain(0){
	echo(volume(0)&" bottles of beer on the wall,\n";
	echo(volume(0)&" bottles of beer.\nTake one down, pass it around,\n");
	pour(0,1);
	empty(1);
	if_empty(0) echo("No bottles of beer on the wall.");
	else echo(volume(0)&" bottles of beer on the wall.");
}