Nio

Nio

Designed by	User:Zinnia Glean
Appeared in	2025
Dimensions	One-dimensional
Computational class	Turing complete
Reference implementation	Nio
File extension(s)	.nio

Nio is User:Zinnia Glean's reboot of the Turing Complete stack-based esoteric programming language nori.io

The interpreter reads the program left-to-right, character per character, and always moves right.

Commands

The interpreter ignores every other character than these, making them no-op.

Main commands

Command	Description
>	Push the value next to it
<	Pop the last value
N	Push the numeric user input
I	Push the user input
,	Push the user input as an ASCII value
O	Output the last value to the console then pop it
o	Output the last value to the console then pop it w/newline
X	Clear the output
.	Output the last ASCII value to the console then pop it
@	Swap the last two values
$	Reverse the whole stack
:	Duplicate the top value
+	Add last two values together
-	Subtract last two values together
*	Multiply last two values together
/	Divide last two values together
^	Raise last two values together
z	Square root the last value
%	Modulo last two values together
c	Ceil the last number
f	Floor the last number
r	Push a random number
b	Push a random bit (either 0 or 1)
B	Push a random byte
[	Jump past the matching ] if last value is 0
]	Jump back to the matching [ if last value is 1
?	Pops a number off the stack and skips as many values next to it as the number
=	Set the IP position to the value next to it (GOTO)
W	Set the IP position to 0 (repeat the program)

Nio arithmetic is in NOS × TOS order.

Every mathematical operation pops the operands.

"Non-vanilla" features

You can define strings with the syntax "", comments with ~~ ~~, and variables with the syntax |<name>|<value>.

Example programs

Cat program

IO

Numerical cat program

NO

Bit inverter

>1@-

Hello world

>"Hello, world!"O

Simple adder

NN+O

Cooler adder

NN@:O>" + "O:O+>" = "OO

Rectangle area

>"Width: "O N
>"Height: "O N*O

Continuously generate random bytes

BOW

Random character generator

r>94*f>32+.

Random CJK character generator

Note: might not work on all terminals

r>28607*f>12353+   ~~ generate a code point ~~
::>64/f>64*-       ~~ get the bottom 6 bits ~~
>128+@             ~~ store the last byte ~~
>64/f              ~~ remove the bottom six bits ~~
::>64/f>64*-       ~~ get the bottom 6 bits ~~
>128+@             ~~ store the next byte ~~
>64/f              ~~ remove the bottom six bits ~~
>224+              ~~ store the first byte ~~
...                ~~ print the character ~~

99 bottles of beer

>99
[
:O
>" bottles of beer on the wall, "O :O >" bottles of beer.
Take one down and pass it around, "O
>1-
:O >" bottles of beer on the wall.

"O
]

Credits

notherone: Creating the original esolang
JJRubes: Creating the tokenizer
User:Olus2000: Proving Turing Completeness
alphie_xen: Fixing bugs
User:Zinnia Glean: Rebooting the esolang

See also

nori.io++ (noripp) by MoshiKoi