Kana

This is still a work in progress. It may be changed in the future.

Kana is a programming language created by User:LEOMOK. It is a prefix-notation language which uses Japanese kana symbols as instructions.

Literals

In Kana, there are four data types: numbers, strings, booleans and lists.

Numbers

Numbers can be integer or floating-point. They are created from the following digits:

Digit	Value
〇	0
一	1
二	2
三	3
四	4
五	5
六	6
七	7
八	8
九	9

A nonnegative integer is represented by a string of these digits, for example 157 is 一五七. To make a negative integer, insert 負 before the number (I know that in Japanese you can also use マイナス, but katakana characters are used for different purposes). Floats are written with 点 for the decimal point.

Strings

Strings of printable ASCII are written in the quotes 「」, with characters in these strings represented by characters in the Katakana Unicode block. To convert a printable ASCII character to a Kana character, add 0x30A0 to its character code than subtract 0x20. For example, the letter "A" (0x41) is represented as 0x41 + 0x30A0 - 0x20 = 0x30C1, which coressponds to the character チ. (The character ー (U+30FC, representing "|" in a string) is interchangeable with 一 (U+4E01, the digit 1).

In addition, a newline can be represented with 〜, and a tab with 〆.

There are also "raw strings" written in the quotes 『』, which represent the literal content inside the quotes. They are useful if your string contains non-printable ASCII characters.

Booleans

The characters 真 and 偽 are used for true and false, respectively.

Lists

Lists are represented by wrapping their contents in the delimiters 〔〕. Both 〔〕 and 空 represent the empty list.

Variables

There are 47 usable variables in Kana. They are represented with the following hiragana characters:

   あ  い  う  え  お  か  き  く  け  こ
   さ  し  す  せ  そ  た  ち  つ  て  と
   な  に  ぬ  ね  の  は  ひ  ふ      ほ
   ま  み  む  め  も  や  ゆ  よ  
   ら  り  る  れ  ろ  わ  を  ん  ゐ  ゑ

Each variable has an initial value of 0. You may also ゝ to refer to the return value of the last expression (it is 0 in the first expression). To make things easier, some of these values are pre-initialized to other values:

Variable	Value
あ	First input value / function argument
い	Second input value / function argument
う	Third input value / function argument
え	Fourth input value / function argument
お	Fifth input value / function argument
ん	A list of all input variables / function arguments
や	Pi
ゆ	Tau (2 * pi)
よ	Euler's number
ら	ASCII uppercase alphabet A to Z, as string
り	ASCII lowercase alphabet a to z, as string
る	Digits 0 to 9, as string
れ	ASCII alphanumeric characters, as string
ろ	ASCII printable characters (U+0020 to U+007E), as string
わ	Regex to match a signed integer, /\-\d+/
を	Regex to match a float, /\-\d+(\.\d+)?/
ゐ	Regex to match an unsigned integer, /\d+/
を	Regex to match any amount of whitespace, /\s*/

There is a special variable, ゟ, which is the seed of the random number generator used in the functions ヰ and ヱ.

Functions

The 48 katakana characters are used for functions.

When values are the incorrect type for a function, they are coerced as follows:

Convert ↓ to →	Number	String	Boolean
Number	-	ASCII decimal representation	0 → false, nonzero → true
String	Parse as ASCII decimal number (may error)	-	empty → false, nonempty → true
Boolean	true → 1, false → 0	true → "true", false → "false"	-

A list may be converted to a string, returning its values in brackets, separated with commas, with strings quoted and escaped, for example [1, 2, "text\n", [3, 4, true]], and to a boolean with empty lists becoming false and nonempty lists becoming true. However, converting a list into a number will raise an error.

When the type hint of an argument says "integer", an error will be raised if an argument is a noninteger.

When a function requires a regex to be expressed as a list, the list must contain exactly two values, both must be strings, which are the regex content and the flags, for example ["\-\d+(\.\d+)?", "gm"].

Here is what each of them do (all indexing is 0-based, negative indices count from the end like in Python):

Function	Arguments	What it does
ア	number a, number b	Returns a + b.
イ	number a, number b	Returns a - b.
ウ	number a, number b	Returns a * b.
エ	number a, number b	Returns a / b.
オ	number a, number b	Returns a modulo b, with the sign of b.
カ	number a, number b	Returns a to the power of b. 0 to the power of 0 is 1.
キ	number a	Returns the absolute value of a.
ク	number a	Returns the floor of a.
ケ	number a	Returns the ceiling of a.
コ	number a	Returns a rounded to the nearest integer.
サ	string a, string b or: list a, list b	Returns a concatenated to b.
シ	string/list a, integer b	Returns a repeated b times. If b is negative, returns an empty string.
ス	string/list a, integer b	Returns character/item at index b of a.
セ	string/list a, integer b, integer c	Returns characters/items at indices b through c of a, both ends inclusive.
ソ	string a, string b or: list a, any b	Returns the index of b in a, -1 if not found.
タ	string a, string b	Split a using b as a delimiter.
チ	list a, string b	Convert all values in a to strings, then join them with b as a delimiter.
ツ	string a, string b, string c	Replace all instances of b with c in a.
テ	string a, string b, string c, integer d	Replace all instances of b with c in a, starting from index d.
ト	string a, string b, string c, integer d	Replace all instances of b with c in a, up to index d.
ナ	list a (all numbers or all strings)	Return the maximum value in a.
ニ	list a (all numbers or all strings)	Return the minimum value in a.
ヌ	list a (all numbers or all strings)	Return a sorted ascending.
ネ	string/list a	Return a reversed.
ノ	string/list a	Return a shuffled.
ハ	list a, any b	Return a with b added onto the end.
ヒ	list a, any b, integer c	Return a with b inserted at index c.
フ	list a, integer b	Return a with the value at index b deleted.
ヘ	list a, any b	Return a with the first instance of b deleted.
ホ	list a, any b	Return a with every instance of b deleted.
マ	string a, string a	Return whether a contains b, as a boolean.
ミ	string a, string a	Return whether a starts with b, as a boolean.
ム	string a, string a	Return whether a ends with b, as a boolean.
メ	string a	Convert a to uppercase.
モ	string a	Convert a to lowercase.
ヤ	number a, number b or: string a, string b	Return whether a > b as a boolean. Strings are compared lexicographically in Unicode order.
ユ	number a, number b or: string a, string b	Return whether a < b as a boolean. Strings are compared lexicographically in Unicode order.
ヨ	any a, any b	Return whether a == b as a boolean. Two lists are equal if they have the same values in the same order.
ラ	string a, list b	Return a list of all matches of regex b on a. Returns an empty list if no matches.
リ	string a, list b	Split a by each match of regex b.
ル	string a, list b, string b	Replace every match of regex b in a with c. To reference a specific capture of the regex b in c, use: \D - matches 0 to 9 (where D is the digit) \g{N} - any numbered match, usually used for multidigit indices (where N is the number)
レ	string a	Return a list containing the Unicode values of each character of a.
ロ	list a (all numbers)	Return a string with the values in a as the codepoints.
ワ	boolean a, boolean b	Return a AND b, short-circuiting.
ヲ	boolean a, boolean b	Return a OR b, short-circuiting.
ン	boolean a	Return NOT a.
ヰ	number a, number b	Return a random integer between a and b, both ends inclusive.
ヱ	string/list a	Return a random value/character in a.