Imperator
| Paradigm(s) | imperative |
|---|---|
| Designed by | Jaip |
| Appeared in | 2023 |
| Computational class | Turing complete |
| Major implementations | Original |
| Influenced by | BASIC |
| File extension(s) | .impr |
Imperator is an 80s-like programming language created in 2023. It was influenced by programming languages like BASIC.
Syntax
A brief overview of the syntax of "Imperator":
"Imperator" is an imperative language. The name comes from the Latin word "imperator", meaning "the one who gives orders".
Values can be printed by typing P at the end of the line.
Calculations
Calculations can be called with M. The value of the calculation can be printed with P
Example: M 1+2 P
The number "3" will be output
Imperator also supports calculations with variables: M a+b P
Strings
Strings are written with a < at the beginning and a > at the end.
Example: <Hello, World!> P
Variables can also be added to strings.
Example: <Number: > + a P
Variables
Imperator supports string and number variables.
Declare variables
The letter to declare a variable is V
Declare a variable: V + name + = + statement
Example: V test = 1
Example 2: V math = M 1+1
Example 3: V string = <Test>
Change variables
Changing variables works in the same as declaring variables, but the keyword is NEW
Example: NEW test = 2
Loops
The keyword for loops in Imperator is REPEAT
Example:
REPEAT 5 [ M 1+1 P ]
This will output "2" for five times.
Example 2:
V i = 0 REPEAT 5 [ NEW i = i + 1 i P ]
This will output:
1 2 3 4 5
If statement
If statements can be called in Imperator as follows: IF + expression + -> + statement
Operator: =
With = it can be checked if two values are the same.
Example: IF a = 10 -> <Same value!> P
Operator: >
With > it can be checked if a values is greater than a other one. < doesn't exist
Example: IF a > 10 -> <a is greater than 10!> P
Operator: !
With ! it can be checked if two values are not the same.
Example: IF a ! 10 -> <a is not 10!> P
Input
The user can be asked for a input with the keyword I
String inputs
Example: V string = I
Int inputs
Example: V int = I : INT
Float inputs
Example: V float = I : FLOAT
Round function
Numbers can be rounded with $ROUND
Example: V roundedNumber = $ROUND : 1.5
Random function
Random numbers can be generated with $RANDOM
Random ints
Example: V randInt = $RANDOM : INT ; (1, 5)
This will generate a random int between 1 and 5
Random floats
Example: V randFloat = $RANDOM : FLOAT ; (1, 5)
This will generate a random float between 1 and 5
Jump to lines
Imperator can jump to a new line with %
Line numbers
To jump to a line by their line number, write: % = + line number
Example: % = 5
The program will jump to line 5
Ranges
With ranges Imperator can jump to a line and interpret everything up to the other line. Then Imperator will jump back to the line where the range was called.
Example: % = (5, 7)
This will interpret the line 5 to 7 and will then jump back and continue
Marks
Imperator also contains a feature called marks. Marks can be added by typing @ + name. Then a mark can be called like this: % = @ + name. Imperator will jump to the line where the mark was added. This can be helpful if the line numbers are changing often because of edits in the code.
Example:
% = @Test <This will not be output> P @Test <This will be output> P
Stop the script
To stop the script, simply write #STOP. The script will stop immediately if it encounters this keyword
Comments
Use !!! to create a comment
Example: !!! This is a comment
Access and run Imperator files
Imperator files can be accessed and executed with SOURCE + file name (without file extension). Make sure that the file has the file extension .impr
Example: SOURCE TEST
This will access and run the file TEST.impr
Examples
A few example programs written in Imperator
Hello, World!
A Hello, World! program in Imperator
<Hello, World!> P
Calculator
A very simple calculator in Imperator
!!! CALCULATOR <ENTER FIRST NUMBER:> P V FNUMBER = I : FLOAT <ENTER SECOND NUMBER:> P V SNUMBER = I : FLOAT <RESULT:> P V RESULT = M FNUMBER + SNUMBER <> + FNUMBER + < + > + SNUMBER + < = > + RESULT P NEW RESULT = M FNUMBER - SNUMBER <> + FNUMBER + < - > + SNUMBER + < = > + RESULT P NEW RESULT = M FNUMBER * SNUMBER <> + FNUMBER + < * > + SNUMBER + < = > + RESULT P NEW RESULT = M FNUMBER / SNUMBER <> + FNUMBER + < / > + SNUMBER + < = > + RESULT P
Number Guessing Game
A Number guessing game in Imperator
!!! GUESS THE NUMBER
V RANDOM = 0
V ATTEMPTS = 3
V AGAIN = <>
V GUESS = 0
NEW RANDOM = $RANDOM : INT ; (1, 10)
NEW ATTEMPTS = 3
<GUESS A NUMBER BETWEEN 1 AND 10! YOU HAVE 3 ATTEMPTS!> P
NEW GUESS = I : INT
IF GUESS > 10 -> % = @FALSE
IF 1 > GUESS -> % = @FALSE
IF GUESS = RANDOM -> % = @WIN
IF GUESS > RANDOM -> % = @BIGGER
IF RANDOM > GUESS -> % = @SMALLER
#STOP
@WIN
<YOU WON! DO YOU WANT TO PLAY AGAIN? ("Y", "N")> P
NEW AGAIN = I
IF AGAIN = <Y> -> % = 7
#STOP
@BIGGER
NEW ATTEMPTS = M ATTEMPTS-1
IF ATTEMPTS > 0 -> % = 34
<GAME OVER! THE NUMBER WAS > + RANDOM P
<DO YOU WANT TO PLAY AGAIN? ("Y", "N")> P
NEW AGAIN = I
IF AGAIN = <Y> -> % = 7
#STOP
<THE RANDOM NUMBER IS SMALLER.> P
% = 12
@SMALLER
NEW ATTEMPTS = M ATTEMPTS-1
IF ATTEMPTS > 0 -> % = 45
<GAME OVER! THE NUMBER WAS > + RANDOM P
<DO YOU WANT TO PLAY AGAIN? ("Y", "N")> P
NEW AGAIN = I
IF AGAIN = <Y> -> % = 7
#STOP
<THE RANDOM NUMBER IS BIGGER.> P
% = 12
@FALSE
<INVALID INPUT! DO YOU WANT TO PLAY AGAIN? ("Y", "N")> P
NEW AGAIN = I
IF AGAIN = <Y> -> % = 7
#STOP
Cat program
A Cat program in Imperator
V INPUT = I P
99 bottles of beer
A 99 bottles of beer program in Imperator
V COUNT = 99 REPEAT 98 [ <> + COUNT + < BOTTLES OF BEER ON THE WALL,> P <> + COUNT + < BOTTLES OF BEER.> P <TAKE ONE DOWN, PASS IT AROUND,> P NEW COUNT = M COUNT-1 <> + COUNT + < BOTTLES OF BEER ON THE WALL.> P <> P ] <> + COUNT + < BOTTLES OF BEER ON THE WALL,> P <> + COUNT + < BOTTLES OF BEER.> P <TAKE ONE DOWN, PASS IT AROUND,> P <NO BOTTLES OF BEER ON THE WALL.> P
Truth-machine
A Truth-machine in Imperator
V INPUT = I : INT IF INPUT = 0 -> INPUT P IF INPUT = 1 -> % = 6 #STOP INPUT P % = 6